Artificial radioactive element properties unknown	memory peg
	1961 Albert Ghiorso and co-workers, Berkeley, Calif., USA
	Ernest O. Lawrence (1901-1958)

First prepared in 1961 by Albert Ghiorso, Torbjørn Sikkeland, Almon E. Larsh, and R.M. Latimer at the Berkeley Laboraty of the University of California by bombardment of Californium with Boron ions. Ghiorso et al. suggested the name Lawrencium and the chemical symbol Lw (later was chosen for Lr) for element #103 in honor of E.O. Lawrence, the inventor of the cyclotron and founder of the Radiation Laboratory at Berkeley where so much of the transuranium research has been carried out.

The name and symbol Lawrencium (Lr) was ratified by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistr (IUPAC) Council meeting in Geneva during August 1997 (see "Naming the transfermium elements" on the Mendelevium page).

Ernest Orlando Lawrence (1901-1958). US physicist. His invention of the cyclotron pioneered the production of artificial radioisotopes. He was professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley, from 1930 and director of the Radiation Laboratory from 1936, which he built up into a large, brilliant school for research in nuclear physics. He was awarded a Nobel prize for physics in 1939. The Berkeley Lab is named after him (cf. berkelium) (Wordsworth).

Further reading:

• Mary Elvira Weeks, Discovery of the Elements, comp. rev. by Heny M. Leicester (Easton, Pa.: Journal of Chemical Education, 1968), pp. 851-852.
• Earl K. Hyde & Glenn T. Seaborg, Transurane : Teil A 1, I: Die Elemente. Gmelins Handbuch der anorganische Chemie, Ergänzungswerk zur 8. Aufl.; Band 7a. Weinheim/Bergstrasse: Chemie, 1973.
• Glenn T. Seaborg, Transuranium elements: A Half Century. Remarks at ACS Symposium to Commemorate the 50th Anniversary of Transuranium Elements, Washington D.C., August 27, 1990. (PDF-file available on-line).