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Chlorium Chlorine
Chloor – Chlor – Chlore – Cloro – 塩素 – Хлор – 氯
Cl
Elementymology & Elements Multidict |
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Chlorium Chlorine
Chloor – Chlor – Chlore – Cloro – 塩素 – Хлор – 氯
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Cl
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Multilingual dictionary
Indo-European
Chlorium Latin— Germanic
Chloor AfrikaansChlor, Klor Danish Chlor German Chlorine English Klor Faroese Gloar Frisian (West) Klór Icelandic Chlor Luxembourgish Chloor Dutch Klor Norwegian Klor Swedish — Italic
Cloro AragoneseCloru Aromanian Cloru Asturian Clor Catalan Cloro Spanish Chlore French Clôr Friulian Cloro Galician Cloro Italian Clòor Lombard Clòr Occitan Cloro Portuguese Clor Romanian - Moldovan — Slavic
Хлор [Hlor] BulgarianHlor Bosnian Хлор [hlor] Belarusian Chlor Czech Klor Croatian Chlor Kashubian Хлор [Hlor] Macedonian Chlor Polish Хлор [Hlor] Russian Chlór Slovak Klor Slovenian Хлор [Hlor] Serbian Хлор [xlor] Ukrainian — Baltic
Chloras LithuanianHlors Latvian Chluors Samogitian — Celtic
Klor BretonClorin Welsh Clóirín Gaelic (Irish) Clòirin Gaelic (Scottish) Cloreen Gaelic (Manx) Cloryn Cornish — Other Indo-European
Χλωριο [chlōrio] GreekՔլոր [k'lor] Armenian Hlor, ²Klori Albanian — Indo-Iranian/Iranian
Klor KurdishХлор [hlor] Ossetian Хлор [Hlor] Tajik — Indo-Iranian/Indo-Aryan
ক্লোরিন [klorina] Bengaliکلر [klr] Persian ક્લોરિનનો [klorinano] Gujarati क्लोरीन [klorīna] Hindi Finno-Ugric
Kloor EstonianKloori Finnish Klór Hungarian Хлор [Hlor] Komi Хлор [Hlor] Mari Клора [klora] Moksha Kluur Võro Altaic
Xlor AzerbaijaniХлор [Hlor] Chuvash Хлор [xlor] Kazakh Хлор [Hlor] Kyrgyz Хлор [hlor] Mongolian Klor Turkish خلور گازى [hlor gazi] Uyghur Xlor Uzbek Other (Europe)
Kloroa Basqueქლორი [k'lori] Georgian Afro-Asiatic
كلور [klūr] Arabicכלור [chlor] Hebrew Klorin, ²Kloru Maltese Sino-Tibetan
Liu̍k (氯) Hakka塩素 [enso] Japanese 염소 [yeomso] Korean คลอรีน [khlorīn] Thai Clo Vietnamese 氯 [lu4 / luk9] Chinese Malayo-Polynesian
Cloro CebuanoKlor Indonesian Hau māota Māori Klorin, ²Klor Malay Other Asiatic
ക്ലോറിന് [klōṟrinam] Malayalamகுளோரின் [kuļōriṉ] Tamil Africa
Koloki LingalaKlorine Sesotho Klorini Swahili North-America
Cloro NahuatlSouth-America
Kluru QuechuaCreole
Krorimi Sranan TongoArtificial
Kloro EsperantoNew names
Cloron Atomic ElementsBleachanium Dorseyville |
History & Etymology
Meanwhile Antoine Lavoisier proposed to replace both the four element theory and phlogiston with numerous new elements and a concept of combustion involving a new gaseous element. Lavoisier named the gas responsible for combustion oxygen, meaning acid forming, because all compounds containing oxygen seemed to be acidic. Lavoisier's colleague Claude Berthollet therefore proposed that Scheele's dephlogisticated muratic acid gas must be a combination of oxygen and an undiscovered element, muriaticum. Louis-Joseph Gay-Lussac (1778-1850) and Louis-Jacques Thénard (1777-1857) tried to decompose dephlogisticated muratic acid gas and did not succeed; they published a report "On the nature and the properties of muriatic acid and of oxygenated muriatic acid" (Mémoires de Physique et de Chimie de la Société d'Arcueil 2, 339-358 (1809) [translated and excerpted in Alembic Club Reprints #13 The Early History of Chlorine], on-line). The authors consider the possibility that it is an element, but are not convinced and conclude: "In fact, oxygenated muriatic acid is not decomposed by charcoal, and it might be supposed, from this fact and those which are communicated in this Memoir, that this gas is a simple body. The phenomena which it presents can be explained well enough on this hypothesis; we shall not seek to defend it however, as it appears to us that they are still better explained by regarding oxygenated muriatic acid as a compound body."Sir Humphry Davy (1778-1829), in 1810, tried again to do this separation, but was obviously unsuccessful, concluding that it was an element, not a compound. Davy named this new element as chlorine, derived from the Greek χλωρος [chlōros] = light green, green-yellow, because the gas is that colour. In 1811 he wrote in "On a Combination of Oxymuriatic Gas and Oxygene Gas" (Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society vol. 101, pp. 155-162, 1811. [on-line]): "As the new compound in its purest form is possessed of a bright yellow green colour, it may be expedient to designate it by a name expressive of this circumstance, and its relation to oxymuriatic gas. As I have named that elastic fluid Chlorine, so I venture to propose for this substance the name Euchlorine, or Euchloric gas from ευ and χλωρος. The point of Nomenclature I am not, however, inclined to dwell upon. I shall be content to adopt any name that may be considered as most appropriate by the able chemical philosophers attached to this Society."
Other names
Chemistianity 1873
EBGEN
CHLORINE, an obedient Spirit of the Sea, Is a yellowish-green gaseous Metalloid, Of most powerful suffocating odour Sorely irritating to the eyes and lungs; When very faint, it smells like stale seaweed: By exposure to Sunlight, 'tis slowly changed To Hydrochloric Acid and free Oxygen. Inhaled in quantum, Chlorine is pois'nous. Further reading
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Chlorine was discovered in 1774 by the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1742-1786). He produced this element by heating pyrolusite (MnO2) with hydrogen chloride, HCl, an acid first made by alchemists in the fifteenth century and named "muriatic acid" by the French chemist Antoine Lavoisier. Scheele thought that the yellow-green product gas was a compound of oxygen and, believing that the pyrolusite had removed phlogiston from "muriatic acid", Scheele named this air dephlogisticated muriatic acid (also oxygenated muriatic acid, oxymuriatic acid).